Why does the modernization theory fail to capture the complexities of development of African?

The modernization theory fails to capture the complexities of development in Africa because it oversimplifies the path to development by assuming that all countries go through the same stages to progress. This theory also overlooks the historical context of colonialism and how it has impacted African countries' development trajectories. Additionally, it does not take into account the diverse cultural, social, and economic factors that shape development in each African nation.