What are two factors that explain the origin of the income gap among U.S. citizens?

Two key factors that explain the origin of the income gap among U.S. citizens are educational attainment and technological change. Higher levels of education often lead to better job opportunities and higher wages, creating disparities between those with advanced degrees and those without. Additionally, technological advancements have shifted demand toward skilled labor, favoring workers with specialized skills while reducing opportunities for low-skilled jobs, thereby exacerbating income inequality.