Surgically created an artificial opening into the chest?

Thoracotomy (thora = thorax [chest] + tom = cut + y = procedure) is the surgical incision (cutting) of the chest. There are three approaches: [1] medial sternotomy used in open heart surgery, [2] posterolateral thoracotomy used in lung surgery, and [3] anterolateral thoracotomy for open chest massage in a traumatic cardiac arrest.

A synonym for this is thoracostomy (thora = chest + os = opening + tom = cut + y = procedure) which is specifically used when the incision creates the opening though which a chest tube will be housed. The chest tube is important in restoring the air pressure within the thoracic cavity that was lost during surgery, trauma or inflammation.