Why did the viceroyalty collapse?

The viceroyalty collapsed due to a combination of internal and external factors, including widespread discontent among various social classes, economic strains, and political instability. The influence of Enlightenment ideas and the desire for independence, particularly in the wake of the American and French Revolutions, fueled revolutionary movements. Additionally, conflicts such as the Napoleonic Wars weakened Spain's control over its colonies, leading to the emergence of nationalist sentiments and the eventual push for independence across Latin America.