The Plessy v. Ferguson decision in 1896 upheld the constitutionality of racial segregation under the "separate but equal" doctrine, leading to widespread institutionalization of racial segregation in the South. This ruling legitimized Jim Crow laws, which enforced segregation in public facilities, education, and transportation, further entrenching systemic racism and disenfranchising African Americans. As a result, it reinforced social and economic inequalities, contributing to a legacy of discrimination that persisted for decades.
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