Major heterotrophs globally include animals, fungi, and many bacteria and protists that rely on consuming organic matter for energy. Among animals, mammals, birds, reptiles, and insects represent diverse groups of heterotrophs found in various ecosystems. Fungi play a crucial role as decomposers, breaking down organic material, while certain bacteria and protists contribute to nutrient cycling in environments ranging from soil to aquatic systems. Together, these organisms are essential for maintaining ecological balance and supporting food webs.
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