Which physical network topologies has the inherent weakness of a single point of failure?

The bus topology has the inherent weakness of a single point of failure, as all devices are connected to a single central cable. If this main cable fails, the entire network becomes inoperable. Similarly, a star topology can also experience a single point of failure if the central hub or switch fails, disrupting communication for all connected devices. In both cases, the failure of one component can lead to a complete network outage.