What is the correct air fuel mixture for a cold start?

For a cold start, the correct air-fuel mixture is typically richer, meaning it has a higher fuel-to-air ratio. This is necessary because cold engines require more fuel to ignite and run smoothly until they reach optimal operating temperature. Generally, a ratio of around 12:1 to 14:1 (fuel to air) is used for cold starts, compared to the ideal stoichiometric ratio of about 14.7:1 for normal operation. This richer mixture helps improve combustion and reduce the risk of stalling when the engine is cold.