What are the differences between word expiate and atone?

"Expiate" and "atone" both refer to making amends for wrongdoing, but they have subtle differences in connotation. "Expiate" often implies a more formal or ritualistic act of making reparations, particularly in a moral or religious context. In contrast, "atone" generally emphasizes the act of reconciling or seeking forgiveness for one's sins or mistakes. While they can be used interchangeably in some contexts, "expiate" carries a stronger sense of purification or redemption.