Who was the West's largest landowner in the 1900s?

In the 1900s, the West's largest landowner was often considered to be the U.S. government, which controlled vast tracts of land through various means, including the Homestead Act and other federal land policies. However, individual entities like the Southern Pacific Railroad and other railroad companies also held significant land holdings due to land grants received for building railroads. Additionally, large ranching operations and agricultural enterprises, such as those owned by figures like John C. Frémont, contributed to significant land ownership in the region.