What does cementation in earth science mean?

Cementation in earth science refers to the process by which dissolved minerals precipitate from groundwater and fill the spaces between sediment grains, binding them together to form solid rock. This process is a key component of lithification, transforming loose sediments into sedimentary rocks. Common minerals involved in cementation include silica, calcite, and iron oxides. Cementation plays a crucial role in the formation of various geological formations and influences the rock's porosity and permeability.