What family system did these factories rely on?

Factories during the industrial revolution often relied on the family system known as the "putting-out system" or "cottage industry." In this system, families would work from home to produce goods, which were then collected by factory owners for a fee. This allowed factories to tap into a labor force that included all family members, often leading to long hours and low wages. The transition to centralized factories eventually shifted this dynamic, as workers moved to urban areas for employment.