How does a perfume spray bottle function?

There are different kinds, but they're all essentially "atomizers" (a better term would be "misters," as they don't actually turn the liquid into individual atoms or even molecules, but they do turn it into a mist). The "pump type" sprayers are basically force pumps. They force a quantity of liquid at high pressure through a mixing baffle that breaks it into small droplets and expels them into the air. The kind with a little balloon type device that you squeeze are aspirators. They force air at high speed (and therefore low pressure, according to Bernoulli's law) over a tube with liquid at the bottom; the low pressure draws the liquid up into the tube, where it is again mixed with the high speed air and sprayed out the nozzle.
there is a opening where the perfume comes out you aim at the spot where you want the perfume and then you push down on the cap