Two most common prinicples of operation for modern RADIAC instruments?

The two most common principles of operation for modern RADIAC (Radiation Detection and Measurement) instruments are scintillation detection and ionization detection. Scintillation detectors use materials that emit light when ionizing radiation interacts with them, which is then detected and measured. Ionization detectors, such as Geiger-Müller counters, work by detecting the ion pairs created when radiation passes through a gas-filled chamber. Both methods are widely used for their sensitivity and ability to measure various types of radiation, including alpha, beta, and gamma particles.