What Civilisation arose south of Babylonia?

The civilization that arose south of Babylonia is the Sumerian civilization, which developed in the region known as Sumer in southern Mesopotamia. Sumerians are credited with creating one of the world’s first urban societies, characterized by city-states such as Ur, Uruk, and Eridu. They made significant advancements in writing (cuneiform), agriculture, and governance, laying foundational aspects of culture and technology that influenced subsequent civilizations in the region.