How do we know that by 1923 German money was useless?

By 1923, Germany was experiencing hyperinflation, leading to the dramatic devaluation of its currency, the Papiermark. Prices skyrocketed, with basic goods often costing millions of marks, and wages had to be paid daily to keep up with inflation. The situation was exacerbated by reparations from World War I and poor economic policies, causing public trust in the currency to collapse. As a result, people resorted to bartering and using foreign currencies, demonstrating that the German money had become virtually worthless.