When each exchange had an individual name, local numbers had four digits:
Whitehall 1212
Waterloo 4564
After a few years the DIRECTOR system was introduced and the names were replaced with three digit excahnge codes.
Now the number had seven digits: 456-3232
When STD dialling was introduced, London acquired the 01 area code: 01-456-3232.
With the swap to the 020 area code in 2000, the seven digit local numbers became eight digit numbers. Those in inner London were prefixed with a 7 and those in outer London with an 8: e.g. (020) 8456 3232.
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