What are the stresses to which the frame members are subjected?

Frame members are subjected to various stresses, primarily including axial stress (tension or compression), bending stress, and shear stress. Axial stress occurs when forces are applied along the length of the member, while bending stress arises from moments causing the member to curve. Shear stress is induced when forces are applied parallel to the cross-section of the member. Understanding these stresses is crucial for ensuring the structural integrity and safety of frame systems.