What are two effects of having a fixed price other than equilibrium price forced on a market?

Imposing a fixed price in a market can lead to shortages if the price is set below the equilibrium, as demand may exceed supply at that price, causing consumers to compete for the limited goods available. Conversely, if the fixed price is above equilibrium, it can result in surpluses, where suppliers produce more than consumers are willing to buy. Both scenariOS disrupt the natural balance of supply and demand, leading to inefficiencies and potential long-term market distortions.