The Gothic period, spanning from the 12th to the 16th centuries, is marked by significant contributions to architecture, sculpture, and painting. Its most notable architectural innovation is the development of the pointed arch, ribbed vault, and flying buttress, allowing for taller structures and larger stained glass Windows that flooded cathedrals with light. This style emphasized verticality and grandeur, exemplified by iconic cathedrals like Notre-Dame and Chartres. Additionally, Gothic art often featured intricate sculptures and illuminated manuscripts, reflecting religious themes and the era's cultural values.
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