What is the difference in meaning between control and check?

The Words control and check can be a synonym for each other when used to mean restrict or restrain; to limit or regulate; to remain calm or restrained.

Control can also be used to mean to manage, direct, supervise, or command.

Check can also be used to mean to stop, inspect, verify, or examine.

For example:

Lines painted on a highway help control (keep in check) the flow of traffic but can't check (stop) vehicles from crossing over lanes. Concrete barriers can check (stop) vehicle crossover.

It's the responsibility of a manager to control the work flow, but the manager can't control the people performing the work; the manager can only check (inspect, verify) the activities of the people.