Who is Alan turing and what did he do?

Alan Turing was a British mathematician, logician, and computer scientist, widely regarded as a pioneer of Artificial Intelligence and computer science. He is best known for his work during World War II at Bletchley Park, where he developed the Turing machine concept and played a crucial role in decoding the German Enigma cipher, significantly contributing to the Allied victory. Turing also proposed the Turing test, a foundational concept in evaluating machine intelligence. His contributions laid the groundwork for modern computing, but he faced persecution for his homosexuality, leading to his tragic death in 1954.