Canada, Australia, and New Zealand gradually gained self-rule through a combination of legislative reforms, constitutional developments, and political movements. Canada achieved confederation in 1867, establishing a federal system with significant provincial autonomy. Australia followed with the Commonwealth of Australia Constitution Act in 1901, uniting its colonies under a federal government while retaining state powers. New Zealand gained self-governing status in 1852, evolving into a dominion by 1907, allowing it greater control over domestic affairs while still recognizing British sovereignty.
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