What is the respiratory membrane of the gas exchange surface consist of?

The respiratory membrane of the gas exchange surface consists of the alveolar epithelium, the capillary endothelium, and the interstitial space between them. This thin barrier facilitates the diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the alveoli and the blood in the capillaries. It is typically only about 0.5 micrometers thick, optimizing gas exchange efficiency in the lungs. The membrane's large surface area and thinness are crucial for effective respiratory function.