What is The mechanical process that moves air in and out of the lungs is called?

The mechanical process that moves air in and out of the lungs is called ventilation. It involves two main phases: inhalation, where the diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract to expand the thoracic cavity, allowing air to enter the lungs, and exhalation, where these muscles relax, decreasing thoracic volume and pushing air out. This process is essential for gas exchange, supplying oxygen to the body and removing carbon dioxide.