How does Golding highlight the transition from civilization to savagery?

In "Lord of the Flies," Golding highlights the transition from civilization to savagery through the boys' gradual descent into violence, chaos, and loss of morality as their social structures break down. The symbolic use of the conch as a representation of order and leadership when it loses significance underscores this shift towards savagery. The transformation of characters like Ralph and Jack further highlights this theme as they struggle with their instincts and morality in the face of desperation and power struggles.