A gamete is a specialized reproductive cell that carries half the genetic information necessary for the formation of a new organism. In animals, there are typically two types of gametes: sperm, produced by males, and eggs (ova), produced by females. During fertilization, a sperm and an egg combine to form a zygote, restoring the full set of chromosomes. Gametes are haploid, meaning they contain one set of chromosomes, in contrast to somatic cells, which are diploid and contain two sets.
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