What is the effects of antifreeze agents?

Antifreeze agents, primarily ethylene glycol or propylene glycol, lower the freezing point of liquids, preventing the formation of ice in engines and cooling systems. They also raise the boiling point, enhancing the efficiency of heat transfer in high-temperature conditions. While effective in preventing freezing and overheating, these substances can be toxic to humans and animals if ingested, necessitating careful handling and storage. Additionally, antifreeze can lead to environmental concerns if improperly disposed of or leaked.