Which Chinese invention has had a greater effect on world history?

The invention of gunpowder is arguably one of the most impactful Chinese inventions on world history. Developed in the 9th century, it transformed warfare and led to the creation of firearms and artillery, reshaping military strategies and power dynamics globally. Gunpowder's influence extended beyond warfare, affecting politics, colonization, and even social structures, as it enabled nations to build empires and assert dominance. Its legacy continues to shape modern conflicts and international relations.