Where are the control centers for erythropoiesis?

The primary control centers for erythropoiesis, the production of red blood cells, are located in the kidneys and the liver. The kidneys play a crucial role by sensing low oxygen levels in the blood and releasing erythropoietin (EPO), a hormone that stimulates the bone marrow to increase red blood cell production. The liver also contributes to this process, particularly during fetal development, by producing EPO and other factors that support erythropoiesis. Together, these organs regulate the balance of red blood cell production based on the body's oxygen needs.