When does the fetus begin to produce surfactant?

Fetal surfactant production begins around the 24th to 28th week of gestation, with significant amounts typically produced between 34 and 36 weeks. Surfactant is crucial for reducing surface tension in the lungs, aiding in proper lung function after birth. By the time a fetus reaches full term, there is usually adequate surfactant to help prevent respiratory distress syndrome.