What two external checks that should be carried out when inspecting an alternator for charging faults?

When inspecting an alternator for charging faults, two essential external checks include verifying the battery voltage and examining the connections. First, measure the battery voltage to ensure it's within the normal range (typically 12.6 to 12.8 volts for a fully charged battery). Second, inspect the wiring and connectors for signs of corrosion, loose connections, or damage, as these issues can hinder proper charging.