An automatic transmission uses a torque converter to pass energy from the engine into the transmission. A torque converter is essentially a tub of fluid secured to the engine's flywheel that acts like an adjustable vise when spinning. The converter pushes fluid through tiny compartments inside its tub to create pressure. When the pressure is high enough, the converter passes the spinning energy from the engine into the transmission.
You should replace a torque converter that is broken or one that cannot handle the power of an engine. Matching the right torque converter to an engine adds to the life of the transmission and allows the engine to operate at a higher level of performance.
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