What does closed shops mean?

Closed shops refer to workplaces where only union members are allowed to be hired and work. This practice ensures that all employees are part of the union, which can help maintain collective bargaining power and uphold labor rights. However, closed shops can be controversial, as they may limit employment opportunities for non-union workers and raise questions about freedom of choice in the workplace. In many places, closed shops have been restricted or outlawed due to concerns over labor rights and individual freedoms.