How did mercantilism affect world history?

Mercantilism significantly shaped world history by promoting state intervention in the economy and fostering the accumulation of wealth through trade surplus and colonial expansion. It led to the establishment of European colonies, as nations sought to control resources and markets, which in turn intensified global trade networks. This economic doctrine contributed to conflicts between colonial powers and laid the groundwork for modern capitalism, influencing policies and relationships that persist to this day. Additionally, it spurred the development of naval power and exploration, reshaping geopolitical dynamics.