Can you compost your garden right before you plant?

No, it generally is not considered a good idea to plant immediately after composting the garden. The National Gardening Association lists the month before the planting season as preferred times for composting gardens. That means, for North America, a late August or early September composting for mid-September to April cool growing season plantings and a late January or early February composting for mid-February to March warm growing season plantings.