King Artaxerxes, a ruler of the Persian Empire, is best known for his decree allowing the Jewish exiles to return to Jerusalem and rebuild their temple, as recorded in the biblical book of Ezra. This order, issued around 458 BCE, aimed to restore the Jewish community and their religious practices following the Babylonian exile. It marked a significant moment in Jewish history, as it facilitated the re-establishment of their identity and worship in their ancestral homeland.
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