Why are parity bits used?

Parity bits are used in error detection schemes to ensure data integrity during transmission or storage. By adding an extra bit to a binary string, parity bits can indicate whether the number of set bits (1s) is even or odd, helping to identify single-bit errors. If the received data's parity does not match the expected value, it signals that an error may have occurred, prompting further investigation or correction. This simple method enhances the reliability of data communication systems.