Why countries with proportional representation tend to have multi-party systems?

Countries with proportional representation tend to have multi-party systems because this electoral system allocates seats in the legislature in proportion to the votes each party receives. This encourages a wider range of political parties to emerge, as smaller parties have a better chance of gaining representation compared to winner-takes-all systems. Consequently, voters have more choices that reflect diverse interests and opinions, leading to a more fragmented political landscape. Additionally, this system often fosters coalition governments, further promoting the participation of multiple parties in governance.