What are the ABCD's of neglience in the medical practice?

The ABCD's of negligence in medical practice refer to the key elements that must be established to prove a case of medical negligence: A—"Duty" indicates that the medical professional had a legal obligation to provide care; B—"Breach" refers to the failure to meet the standard of care; C—"Causation" establishes that the breach directly caused harm to the patient; and D—"Damages" signifies that the patient suffered actual harm or injury as a result. All four elements must be proven for a successful negligence claim.