What is a function and how can it be represented?

A function is a mathematical relationship between a set of inputs and a set of outputs, where each input is associated with exactly one output. It can be represented in various forms, including equations (e.g., ( f(x) = x^2 )), graphs (a visual representation on a coordinate plane), or tables that list corresponding input-output pairs. Functions are fundamental in mathematics and are used to model relationships across different fields.