What is the diffent in the pillow case and pillow sham?

A pillowcase is a fabric cover designed primarily for protecting a pillow and ensuring comfort while sleeping; it typically has an open end for easy removal and washing. In contrast, a pillow sham is a decorative cover that enhances the aesthetic of bedding and is often used for display on top of a made bed; it usually features embellishments like piping or embroidery and may have a hidden opening. While pillowcases are functional for sleep, pillow shams are more about style and decor.