What is fructose induced hyperinsulinemia?

Fructose is mainly metabolized in the liver. The first step in its metabolism is conversion to fructose-1-P by fructokinase. Fructose-1-P can activate a signaling pathway that leads to activation of a protein called JNK. This protein phosphorylates another protein, IRS-1 at a serine residue, inhibiting it. Since insulin signaling requires IRS-1 to work properly, congratulations! Your liver is now insulin resistant. As a result, your pancreas works harder to make up for it, producing more and more insulin. This is fructose induced hyperinsulinemia. Eventually, your pancreas won't be able to keep up and you will achieve Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.