How does the kidney of a healthy person avoid losing glucose in the urine?

In a healthy person, the kidneys reabsorb glucose primarily through the proximal convoluted tubule, where specialized transporters like SGLT2 (sodium-glucose co-transporter 2) actively transport glucose back into the bloodstream. This reabsorption occurs until blood glucose levels exceed a certain threshold, known as the renal threshold for glucose, beyond which glucose may appear in the urine. The efficient functioning of these transporters ensures that glucose is conserved and not lost during urine formation. Additionally, hormonal regulation, particularly by insulin, helps maintain normal glucose levels and enhances its uptake by tissues, further reducing the likelihood of glucose loss in urine.