What are the literary devices in The Things They Carried?

"By daylight they took sniper fire, at night they were mortared, but it was not battle, it was just the endless march, village to village, without purpose, nothing won or lost." Chapter 1

"On occasions the war was like a Ping-Pong ball. You could put a fancy spin on it, you could make it dance." Chapter 3

"My conscience told me to run, but some irrational and powerful force was resisting, like a weight pushing me toward the war. What it came down to, stupidly, was a sense of shame." Chapter 4

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