How does a pinard horn work?

A Pinard horn is a simple, curved device used in obstetrics to amplify fetal heart sounds during pregnancy. It consists of a long, funnel-shaped tube that directs sound waves from the mother's abdomen to the listener's ear. The practitioner places the large end of the horn on the mother's belly and listens through the smaller end, allowing them to hear the fetal heartbeat more clearly. This tool is particularly useful in settings where electronic fetal monitors are unavailable.