How did European explorers change theNew World?

European explorers significantly changed the New World by introducing new technologies, crops, and animals, which transformed indigenous ways of life. Their arrival led to the establishment of trade networks and the exchange of goods, known as the Columbian Exchange. However, this also resulted in devastating impacts, including the spread of diseases that decimated native populations and the onset of colonization, which disrupted local societies and cultures. Ultimately, these explorations initiated profound social, economic, and environmental changes that reshaped the continent.