What animals are pseudo ruminants?

Pseudo-ruminants are animals that have a digestive system similar to true ruminants but lack a multi-chambered stomach. Examples include animals like llamas, alpacas, and camels, which have a three-chambered stomach instead of the four chambers found in true ruminants like cows and sheep. These animals utilize a process called fermentation to break down fibrous plant material, allowing them to efficiently extract nutrients from their diet. Despite their differences, pseudo-ruminants are adapted to digesting tough vegetation effectively.