Living conditions in nineteenth century Paris France?

Nineteenth-century Paris experienced significant social and economic contrasts, with sprawling poverty existing alongside burgeoning wealth. Many working-class residents lived in cramped, unsanitary conditions in tenements, while the affluent enjoyed grand boulevards and elegant homes. The rise of industrialization led to overcrowding, pollution, and public health issues, prompting urban reforms later in the century. Despite these challenges, Paris emerged as a cultural and intellectual hub, attracting artists and thinkers from around the world.