When the Mongol Empire collapsed in the late 13th century, India was primarily under the control of various regional kingdoms and the Delhi Sultanate, which had been established in the early 13th century. The Delhi Sultanate, ruled by a series of Muslim dynasties, dominated northern India, while southern India was fragmented into several independent kingdoms like the Hoysalas and the Cholas. This period saw significant political fragmentation and local power struggles rather than centralized control. The Mongol decline did not directly impact Indian politics, as the subcontinent was largely insulated from Mongol invasions during this time.
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